在職博士英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句訓(xùn)練題及解析6

　　1.The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of thosehypotheses that dare not speak its name.

　　【分析】復(fù)合句。主句主干為The idea is one of those hypotheses。第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明idea，第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾hypotheses。

　　【譯文】有一種觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，某些民族的智商可能要高于其他民族，這種觀點(diǎn)是一種不敢冠之以名的假設(shè)。

　　【點(diǎn)撥】dare not speak its name為一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為"不敢說(shuō)出名"、"不敢冠之以名"、"無(wú)法說(shuō)出口"。

　　2.He helped popularize the idea that some diseasesnot previously thought to have a bacterial causewere actually infections, which aroused muchcontroversy when was first suggested.

　　【分析】多重復(fù)合句。主句主干是He helped popularizethe idea。that...infections為 idea的同位語(yǔ)從句，其中not previously...cause作diseases的后置定語(yǔ);which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句修飾the idea;when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，其中代詞it也指代the idea。

　　【譯文】他曾經(jīng)使一種觀點(diǎn)廣為人知，即某些以前被認(rèn)為不是由細(xì)菌導(dǎo)致的疾病實(shí)際上也是傳染病，這一觀點(diǎn)在首次提出時(shí)就引起了很多爭(zhēng)議。

　　【點(diǎn)撥】1) arouse (not little/much/a lot of)controversy意為"引起(不少)爭(zhēng)議"。2) suggest意為"提出"。

　　3.ogether with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only suggeats thatone group of huamanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that hasbrought this about.

　　【分析】多重復(fù)合句。主句主干為he is publishing a paper。which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾paper;該從句中又包含not only...but also...連接的并列句。在 not only分句中，that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作suggest的賓語(yǔ);在but分句中that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾process。

　　【譯文】他攜手其他兩位科學(xué)家一起發(fā)表了一篇論文，其中不僅表明有一個(gè)人類族群比其他族群更聰明，而且還解釋了導(dǎo)致這一結(jié)果的過程。

　　【點(diǎn)撥】bring about意為"引起;帶來(lái)"。

　　4.This group generally do well in IQ test, scoring 12-15 points above the mean value of 100, and havecontributed disproportinately to the intellectual, andcultural life of the West, as the careers of their elites,including several world-renowned scientists, affirm.

　　【分析】復(fù)合句。主句主干為This group do well in IQtest and have contributed to the life?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)scoring...作伴隨狀語(yǔ);as引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。

　　【譯文】這一人群在高智商測(cè)試中普遍得分較高，(得分)比平均值高出12至15分;就像他們中的一些精英人士(包括一些享譽(yù)世界的科學(xué)家)的事業(yè)所證實(shí)的那樣，這一群人對(duì)于西方學(xué)術(shù)和文化生活做出了(同他們?nèi)丝跀?shù)量)極不成比例的貢獻(xiàn)。

　　【點(diǎn)撥】mean作動(dòng)詞時(shí)意為"意味;意欲";作形容詞時(shí)，常意為"小氣的，吝嗇的"，在本句中意為"平均的"。

　　5.His argumet is that the unusual history of these people has subjected them to uniqueevolutionary pressures that have resulted in this paradoxical state of affairs.

　　【分析】多重復(fù)合句。主句主干為His argumet is...。第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾pressure。

　　【譯文】他的觀點(diǎn)是：這些人非同尋常的經(jīng)理使其承受了獨(dú)特的進(jìn)化壓力，從而形成了這一看似矛盾的狀況。

　　【點(diǎn)撥】result in意為"導(dǎo)致了...";需注意它與result from的區(qū)別，后者意為"由...引起的，起因于"。

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